Islamic
Leadership and Management
==========================================================
Life of Hazrat Abu Bakar (R.A)
Submitted To: Sir Umair Sadiq
Submitted By: Amna Hanif
Nasiar Mehmood
Nadia Zafar
Submission Date:
04-01-14
CD # 1
Key points of
the topic.
Introduction Abū Bakr Siddīq (R.A):
Ø
He was a first Muslim.
Ø
He was the first Khalīfah.
Ø
He was the first
person who was with Holy Prophet (PBUH) during Hijrāh.
Ø
Ali ibn-i-Tālib said
he was the first in the competition of good deeds.
Important
standing points of the life of Abū Bakr Siddīq:
Ø
This first standing
point that made his life outstanding is his Islam because he was the first man
who embraced Islam.
Ø
The second unique
point in the life of Abū Bakr Siddīq (R.A) was the great event of
Al-asra-wa-al-maraj that happened to Holy Prophet (PBUH).
Ø
The
third stand that when
Holy Prophet (PBUH) departed from this mortal world.
Ø
The
fourth pivotal point in his life is still more amazing.
Ø
Final
stand of the position of Siddīq regarding murtaddeen.
Many titles given to Abū Bakr Siddīq (R.A)
Title given by Holy Quran is “the
Companion”.
He
was born two years after the year of elephants.
Personality of Abū Bakr Siddīq
He was medium in size, slim and slender.
His face was skinny and eyes were deep in the sockets. His skin was very fair.
He was very social person, easily approachable and amiable. He was really
amicable, friendly, kind and compassionate nature. He was specialist in
genealogy.
Lessons learned from the topics.
Ø
We should follow the life of Sahaba and Ummaht-ul-Momeenin
and sahabiyat.
Ø
We should talk about history due to today’s
identity crises because our youth are being deprived of this precious
information only our own negligence.
Ø
It is important for us to learn comprehensively
about our heroes.
Ø
We should follow the two most important groups
of history, Holy Prophet (PBUH) and Sahaba (R.A)
CD # 2: His
Family, Embracing Islam, the Early Deeds
Key points of the topic:
Family of Abū Bakr:
Ø
He got married with 4 women.
Ø
He only became Muslim after Sulhal Hudabiya.
Ø
His
first daughter was Asma bint Abī Bakr wife of Zubair ibn al-Awwām
Ø
His second daughter was Ayeisha (R.A) wife of
Holy Propher (PBUH)
Ø
Umm
Kalthoom was his youngest daughter and she was born after he died.
Ø
He had two sons.
The
Islam of Abū Bakr:
Ø
Abū Bakr was the first free man who become
Muslim
Ø
His
Islam was proved to be more beneficial because as a noble man in the society he
used his ability and nobility, strength and wealth, traits and talents
exclusively for the service of Islam and the Prophet Muhammad (SAW).
Ø
Five
sahaba out of the ten who were given glad tidings of Janna embraced Islam due
to his da’wah.
Ø
He
was immensely amiable, approachable and well-known all over Arabia. He had vast
knowledge about other tribes and background of the people.
Ø
According
to Alī bin Tālib the most
courageous of men is Abū Bakr.
Ø
He
embraced Islam and his entire wealth was devoted for the service of Islam.
Ø
He
relieved Hazart Bilal and many slaves from slavery.
CD # 3: Hijrah
Key points of
the topic:
Ø
Incident of Ibn-i-Dubanna and Abu Bakr’s
faith that protection always given by Allah Almighty.
Ø
We are property of Allāh and
always say Allhumdulillah because everything good or bad descends from Allāh.
Ø
Conversation
Abu Bakr with tribel man and vast knowledge about people.
Ø
The first Hijra with Holy Prophet
(PBUH)
Ø
He spends time with Holy Prophet (PBUH)
in cave of sour.
Lesson
from Journey the cave of sour
Ø
Limited
time or unusual time
Ø
Elaborate
planning of journey
·
Holy
Prophet (PBUH) covered and conceals
his identity.
·
Left
at night and at the back door.
·
Followed
the unusual path
·
hired
a guide
·
Abu
Bakr was assigned to gather intelligence for them,
·
Asma
was bringing them food.
·
Āmir bin Fuhaira would manage to eliminate
tracks of Abdullah and provide him milk.
Some lessons from the Hijra:
- An elaborate planning
- As a human
being we should take the entire preventive
and safety measures in any difficult situation.
- Allah
protect Holy Prophet (PBUH) from the enemies but he went through an
elaborate planning that was worked out in detail to tell us this is my
Sunnah and this is my way.
- We should follow laws of Allāh and we are not capable to break
them because there is no concession or favoritism.
- As a true Muslim, we should be
prepared for any project that is anticipated or any mission we are called
to.
- As Muslims we have to take every
command seriously.
- The whole plan of Hijra was made in
secrecy.
The problem, issues or disease.
- People asked about identity of Holy
Prophet (PBUH) during journey of Hijra.
How it was resolved.
- Abu Bakar deal with people very
intelligently using the words “he is guiding me” people thought that he
guiding him towards the desert.
CD # 4:
Jihad with the Messenger of Allah
Key points of
the topic:
Abu Bakar never missed any of the
conquests of Holy Prophet
(PBUH).
The most prominent role that both Abu
Bakar and Omar played was the advisers of Holy Prophet (PBUH).
Abu Bakar always accompanied Holy Prophet (PBUH) on all important occasions.
Battle
of Badar:
- Firsty locat the place of Quraish’s army.
- Made a dua before the battle started.
- Council with Sahaba about the prisoners of war
- Take the opinion of Abu Bakar
- Allah revealed the ayat that Holy Prophet (PBUH) should took the opinion of Umar (R.A).
Specialties of Holy Prophet
- I was assisted with fear a distance
of a month.
- The whole land has been made masjid
for me and my ummah
- The booties of war have been made halāl for me.
- The great intercession is only reserved for me.
- I have been sent to all mankind
·
The
story of blind man shows the love of Sahaba for Holy Prophet (PBUH).
·
Abu
Bakr used abusive words only because the sheer insult to Holy Prophet (PBUH).
·
Urwah
bin Masood deeply impressed with love of Sahaba for Holy Prophet (PBUH).
Result of Sulah Hudybiya:
·
After agreement of Sulah Hudybiya vanish all
possibilities of war and that caused remarkable beginning of da’wah of Islam
all over Arabia.
·
Muslims
were 1,400 before agreement two years later Holy
Prophet conquered Mecca with 10,000.
The
problem, issues or disease.
- Locating the place of Quraish’s
army at the time of battle of Badr
- Holy Prophet wanted to fight line
in battle
- Decision about the
prisoners of war
- Muslims wants to tawaf
Kaba
How it was resolved.
- Holy Prophet used
wisdom prudently and
peacefully to extract the useful or correct information from the old man.
- Sahaba suggested staying
behind the army if they lose than he will be able to retreat long with
other Sahaba and control the
situation.
- Take opinion from all Sahaba and
decide with mutual discussion.
- Due to agreement of
Sulah Hudybiya.
Lessons learned from the topics.
- We need to have wisdom in the situations of war and peace
- Allah knows the
real benefit behind the circumstances we should accept His decision
Key points of the topic:
- Lessons from the conversation
between Abū Bakr Siddīq (Radee-Allāhu ‘Anhu) and Rāha bin Amr-at-Taey:
I.
Speak
to the people according to their level.
II.
Be
honest.
- Incident of Abu Qatāda al-Ansari’s shows that Abu Bakar was at a level where he was able to give fatwa even in
the presence of Holy Prophet (PBUH)
- Battle of Hunnain preferred to gave booty the new Muslims in order to draw them closer to Islam.
- Abu Bakar had brought all of his wealth in battle of Tabūk.
- Participated in battle of Hunnain and tabuk
- Abu Bakar and Alī bin Tālib went makkah for the announcement of war.
- Announcement four things by Holy Prophet (PBUH):
1) No one will enter Janna unless he is
a believer
2) No one will make tawāf around the Ka’ba if he is naked.
3) And if you have peace agreement
between you and Holy Prophet (PBUH) it ends with the end of the term and
won’t be further renewed.
4)
And no Mushrik shall make Hajj after this year. So the era of shirk was coming to an end.
Warning
for Quraish: Holy
Prophet gave time of four months and after that all agreements will be
terminated and the only choice left will be either Islam or the sword.
First Hajj of Abu Bakar
Holy Prophet had family
relationship with all the four Khulafā.
Holy Prophet will be a witness of
Suhadah of battle on the Day of Judgment because they sacrifice life for the
service of Islam.
Anas bin Mālik was brought up in the house Holy
Prophet
Virtues
of Abu Bakar
- Abu Bakar making business was ibbadah because he knows that his
money was entirely dedicated to the service of Islam.
- Abu Bakar didn’t have hot feelings against any one.
- Abu Bakar always went to Holy Prophet solving for any matter.
- He is the greatest among Sahaba
Lessons learned from the topics.
- Parents need to influence their
children in the right way.
- We should always search in real
sources Quran and Sunnah about any matter of life.
- We should do any work like
worship.
CD#6:
The Khalifah of the Messenger of Allah
Key points of the topic:
- Abu Bakar had close friendship with Holy Prophet.
- Holy Prophet Instruct Abu Bakar for Salah.
- Abu Bakar is the most scholarly person in this Ummah.
- Speech of Abu Bakar (R.A) was a turning point for the ummah.
- Many hadith indicates that Abu Bakr is the one who takes responsibility after Holy Prophet.
- Shura is important in Islam: Hazart Umar said that: leadership without the Shura of the Muslims is not halāl for him to accept it.
The problem, issues or disease.
- Leading salah after death of Holy
Prophet
- Appointed of Amir and the burial
Holy Prophet.
How it was resolved.
- Holy
Prophet appointed Abu Bakar According to his knowledge and ability.
- Right
decision of Abu Bakar that first unite the Ummah and appoint the Khalifa
then burial Holy Prophet
Lessons learned from the topics.
- One who has vast knowledge of the Book of Allāh should lead the Salah.
- Allah Almighty put a person in
difficulty according to his ability.
- We should bring back the laws of
Allāh in our life.
Leadership
qualities:
- Higher in religious affairs
- Strong and peaceful heart
- Power taking right decision
- Hold the situation with
courage
CD#7: Inaugural Address Abu Bakr and the
Community
Key points of the topic:
Bait given to Abu Bakar (R.A)
propely
Speech
of Abu Bakar (R.A)
Rules for Islamic governance
- Quran and Suunah
- The right of the ummah to hold the
leader accountable
- The Islamic state will
be established on justice and equality.
Ø
Every
citizen took salary equally
- Trust: the relationship between the
leader and the follower is the relationship of trust. There are three
people to whom Allāh
Zaujul does not speak on the Day of Judgment and does not purify them and
does not even look at them and they will undergo severe punishment:
Ø
An
old man committing zina;
Ø
A
king who is lying;
Ø
A
dependent who is destitute and nevertheless who is arrogant because they are
doing sins which are extremely inappropriate for them.
- Jihad
- War against vice/evil
from insecurity/indecency
Abu Bakar fixed his salary with consent of
people
Leadership
Qualities:
- Accountable before the people
- No favoritism
- Truthfulness
The problem, issues or disease.
- How Khalifa meet their financial
expenditure
How it was resolved.
- Hazart Umar fixes his salary with
consent of people
Lessons learned from the topics.
- The sources of law for the Islamic Government in any age after Khilāfāh are the Holy Quran and Sunnah.
- The accountability of leadership is necessary on all levels, in business, finance, and politics and especially during Islamic movements. This is the model of leadership in Islam
- We should not follow leader if he is the on the wrong path.
- Today the ummah is humiliated mainly due to neglect of jihad.
- Fahish prevails in society due to which Allāh punishes us with diseases.
- We should bring good administrators in the Muslim world so that they can use their skills and run our Islamic organizations professionally and effectively.
CD#8: The Governors, the Army of Usama
Key points of the topic:
Abu Bakar was not changed the governor or leader which was appointed by
Holy Prophet
Responsibilities of those Amirs:
- They lead the daily prayers and Salat ul Juma
- They would be responsibal everything related to Jihad, responsible for financial concurrence, booties of war, rationing of the soldiers, and payment of salaries in addition to the negotiations made with the enemy and/or any peace agreement or truce on behalf of the Khalifa.
- The appointment of judges, zakat collectors and collectors of jaziya was also their responsibility
- They were duty-bound to take bait for the Khalifa
- They had to enforce the law, establish the Hadood and decide the cases accordingly.
- The Amīr as a political leader or an army general would sit in the masjid and hold the halaka teaching the people Quran and hadīth.
Prepared army of Usama fight with Romans
Speech of Abu Bakar
Abu Bakar had setted the
ground rule of Khlafa to follow the Holy Prophet
Abu Bakar orders ten things to army.
i. You shall not engage
in treachery.
ii. You shall not steal
from the booty.
iii. You shall not act
unfaithfully.
iv. You shall not engage
in deception.
v. You shall not indulge
in mutilation.
vi. You will kill neither
a young child, nor an old man or women.
vii. You shall not fell
palm trees and burn them. You shall not cut down any fruit bearing tree.
viii. You shall not
slaughter a sheep or a cow or a camel except for food.
ix. You will pass by
people who occupy themselves in monasteries. Leave them alone with what they
are busy.
x. People may come to you
and bring vessels with varieties of food. If you eat anything from their dishes
mention the name of Allāh over them.
Ø Usama
conqured romans took jaziya and booties of war made negotiations deals with the
Arab tribes and signed agreements and truces with them.
Ø The wars against of Apostates
Ø The
categories of Ridaha
·
They
went back to worshipping idols or to what they were doing before Islam.
·
The
ones who followed Musalima al-Kazzāb and Aswad-ul-Ansī
who claimed to be Prophets.
·
Those
who remained Muslims but they refused to pay zakāt and claimed that zakāt had to be paid only to Holy Prophet.
Leaderships Qualities:
Ø Intelligence
Ø Trust on Allah
The problem, issues or disease.
- Appointment
of any other Amir than Usama
How it was resolved.
- Abu Bakar didn’t change Usama because he was appointed by Holy Prophet and he couldn’t refuse the order of Holy Prophet.
Lessons learned from the topics.
- Whatever situation we are facing we should always
follow the Sunnah of Holy Prophet.
- We should always faith on Allah Almighty.
CD#9: The War against the Apostates
Key points of the topic:
- Abu
Bakar was setting the rules and regulations for the succeeding Khulafa.
- Abu
Bakar was to establish the Sunnah.
- The plan of Abu Bakar to defend the land of
Muslims
- Preparations to establish a
defensive base in masjid-i-Nabavi.
- He employed spies at all the
mountain passes and all the routes leading to Medina
- He tried to mobilize the Arab tribes
surrounding Medina
- Ridaha of Musailma Kazzāb
- Ridaha
of Tulaiha Azdī
- Abu Bakar asked all the records in
detail from governor after came back it shows prudent leadership of Abu
Bakar.
- Letter of encouragement sand to Khālid bin Walid.
- Gave harsh punishment
warn the rest of the apostates
Leadership Qualities:
- Right opinion
- Efficient
- Judgment ability according to the situation.
- Accountable
The problem,
issues or disease.
- Not paying zakat.
- False Prophets Power was expanding day by day and
controlling them.
- Ridaha of Musailma Kazzāb
- Evil women
- Ridaha
of Tulaiha Azdī
How it was resolved.
- Fight against the tribes and with proper planning.
- Abu Bakar attacks them very
efficiently and timely and adopted many methods in coping with the apostates. He
sent eleven armies to fight in different corners.
- He also establishes links with the mo’mineen
because he wanted to devout the stronger forces to fight against the most
dangerous apostates.
- Abu Bakar sent a letter to his Governor Hazarmot
al-Muhājir and ordered
him to take action and amputate arms of these women.
- Khālid bin Walid send
two Sahaba to investigate than attack and defeated them
Lessons learned from the topics.
- It is the responsibility of the leader to enforce
the Law of Islam.
- We should be vigilant and efficient about any
matter of religion.
- We
should not hesitate to fight against evils him.
- First
to investigate the situation than attack.
CD#10, 11: The War against the Apostates ,The Compilation of
the Qur'an
Key points of the topic:
- Khalid bin Walid attack Tulia and
his army
- Miracles of sahaba
- Miracles of Ghazwat
- Fitna of Rajjāl bin Omar Khawāl.
- Musailma Kazzāb misuse of knowledge
- The fitna of a knowledgeable man or a scholar is greater than any fitna.
- Musailma Kazzāb the most dangerous event ever in
the Muslim Caliphate.
- Role of Muslim women
- Fighting and
conversation between Majah and
Khalid bin Walid
The problem, issues or disease.
- Huffaz were dyeing and compilation
Quran
How it was resolved.
- Responsibility given
to the appropriate person Zaid bin Thābit
Lessons learned from the topics.
- It is important for us to follow the scholars of Haaq.
- Sahadat is best reward of Allah Almighty for a Muslims.
CD#12: The Conquest of Iraq
Key points of the topic:
Lessons
from the battles of Ridaha
- Abu Bakar made Islam
distinguishable from all other religions.
- Abu Bakar purified the Peninsula
and made it launching pad for the conquest.
- These battles
providing an opportunity to the Khalīfa to know the
characteristics and capabilities of the people.
- The jurisprudence of
Ridaha came in the practical form.
- Conquest of Iraq
- Khālid bin Walīd
fight a chain of Battles
- Khālid bin Walīd
sent the letters to the King of Persia and to all of his prominent
governors for Dawah.
- Fight in the way of Allah not getting
for Ghanima
The problem, issues or disease
- Appointment of leader Conquest of
Iraq
- Armies join at which place?
How it was resolved.
- Both Musanna bin Hartha Shaibānī and Maz’oor because Abu Bakar wanted to attack both sides of that
area
- Set base at al-Herā because Abu Bakar wanted hit the capital of Iraq.
Leadership Qualities:
- Ability to manage the social and political affairs of the people
- Strategic planning
CD#13: The War against the Romans
Key points of
the topic:
- Consultation
with people before fighting
against the Romans and conquering
- Strategic Planning
- He made up his mind to go ahead
with a mixture of suggestions of both Omar bin Khattāb and Abdur Rahmān bin Auf.
- The first part he adopted
suggesting by Omar consequently sent four armies
- The second part he adopted
suggesting by Abdur Rahmān
bin Auf by mobilizing the troops from every corner and brings them ahead
for fighting in the wars against the Romans.
- Importance of Jihad
Four
Armies:
- The first army that was organized
under the command of Yazīd
bin Sufyan with seven thousand soldiers; its destination was Damascus.
- The second army was that of
Sharhabeel bin Hasana with three thousand soldiers. Its destination was
Tabuk to protect the rear of the Muslims and provide reinforcement for
them because Tabuk was closest to Medina.
- The third army comprising three thousand led by Abu Obaida bin Jarrah was heading towards Hams (Syria).
- The fourth army
consisted of seven thousand soldiers led by Amr ibn al’Aas was marching to
Palestine.
Advices
for the armies:
- Being a leader you will be held
accountable for whatever you do.
- Takwa of Allāh is very important if an Amīr wants to give good performance.
- Abu Bakar warns the commander of
the army of the perils of nationalism and tribalism.
- Be brief especially when you are giving them instructions in the battlefield.
- Take care of yourself.
As a Khalifa he is teaching
the leader if you want your soldiers to improve then you need to improve
yourself.
- The importance of salat could not be overlooked.
- Kindness and care towards envoys of
the enemy.
- Only Shoora works with honesty and truth.
- Intermingling with the soldiers
- About guarding the Muslim
- The importance of good company
- The handling of money
The
leadership quality
- Austerity
- Simplicity
- Straightforwardness
Lessons
learned from the topics.
- Islam will prevail against all the
enemies until it predominates and stands firm with the Muslims.
- The
improvement of a leader is an actually an investment it will improve the
people too.
- Counseling
should proceed in the right way if you want the right Nasiha.
CD#14: The War against the Romans the
Appointment of Umar, His Death
Key points of
the topic:
- Appointment of Hazart Umar as Khalifa through shoora
- It was Abu Bakar who started the
mission of dawah into the different nations of the world, especially the
Persian and the Roman people.
- He was the teacher and the guide of
the Mujahideen.
- He worked tirelessly and had no
luxury of relaxing or having spare time.
- He never allowed himself to benefit
financially from the post.
- He had some wealth left during his
business days and had pieces of land before he became Khalīfa.
CD15
Some of his Virtues
Key points of the topic:
- Abu Bakar told sahaba that how to deal with different behavior of people.
- Fear of Allāh is the fruit of knowledge.
- Insight ability to interpret dreams
- Quality of Momin
1. Mutaqeen
2. They
believe in the unseen
The
leadership quality
- Most knowledgeable
- Fear of Allah Almighty
Lessons
learned from the topics.
- We should adopt Quranic laws and Sunnah of Holy Prophet even if it
is against our environment.
- We should follow the way of Holy Prophet and Sahaba than we
may arrive at the right meanings.
- Any change in human life that we want to bring about
should be learnt in an intellectual way and then implemented into action.
- We will have to fix our mind and not levy any condition thereof.
The wrong information that is stuffed in our brain needs to be taken off
by the way of Holy
Prophet and Sahaba
- Our view of the world – our
view of the relationship with our brothers is something that needs to be
sorted out at first.
- Our view of what our responsibility is towards hakam of Allah Almighty is to straighten our views thoroughly before we make any
change in our life.
…………………………………………….
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